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Stainless Steel vs. Other Metals
Posted By:
Wednesday, July 11, 2018
Medical and food industries make extensive use of stainless steel products since they can be easily sanitized and cleaned.
Resistance to corrosion and strength are the factors which make it preferable for transporting and processing firearms, engine parts, and equipment.
Sometimes it is used due to its good appearance. In this article, we will compare stainless steel with other metals.
Steel Strength
Here are some facts about steel:
- AISI 440C contains 0.95 to 1.2 % carbon and 16 to 18 % chromium.
- AISI 304 has 8 % nickel and 18 % chromium.
- Aluminum AA 7075-T6 and AA 2024-T3 both contain almost no nickel.
- AISI 4130 alloy steel has 0.75 to 1.20 % chromium.
Aluminum is much lighter than steel. However, the aircraft designers regard specific strength of steel as an interesting property. AISI 440C stainless steel has the highest strength to density ratio. The lowest strength to weight ratio is of AISI 304 stainless steel.
To determine strength, designers consider the yield strength and tensile strength of a material. AISI 440C stainless steel has more tensile and yield strength than other aluminum and steel alloys.
Elongation is another property to be considered. This refers to the amount a material can stretch before it fractures. Greater elongation is better since the chance of fracturing the material is less. AISI 440C stainless steel elongates the least (2 %), while AISI 304 has the most elongation (55 %).
AISI 4130 alloy steel and AISI 440C stainless steel are one of the hardest metals as compared to others. Although hard materials are tough and long-lasting, they can be difficult to machine.
Corrosion
Stainless steels are subject to corrosion. They can suffer from contact corrosion, sulfide stress cracking, stress-corrosion cracking, inter-granular corrosion, rouging, knife-line attack, crevice corrosion, and pitting.
If two different materials are placed together, then galvanic corrosion can occur. For instance, aluminum panel with stainless-steel fasteners corrode at a rapid pace. To avoid this type of corrosion, you can use a physical barrier, such as a lubricant, gasket, or washer. These barriers can stop the metals from touching each other and prevent corrosion.
To prevent rusting, the materials can be polished. After machining and cleaning, you need to passivate most parts in acid.
Cost Comparison
AISI 4130 alloy steel is the cheapest in its category. AA 7075-T6 aluminum and AA 2024-T3 aluminum are more expensive. AISI 440C stainless steel is the most costly in this category. Better corrosion resistance and higher strengths increase the costs.
If you are looking for high-quality stainless steel products, you can contact Action Stainless & Alloys, Inc. They are a reliable distributor of stainless steel and aluminum. Action Stainless have plates, sheets, angles, rounds, flat bars, tubing pipe and many more items. To get a quote, you can visit their website.
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